The extrusion process can be classified into hot extrusion, warm extrusion and cold extrusion. These three types differ in the temperatures to which metals are exposed to and various other aspects. To make things clearer, let me start by describing the term extrusion.
What is extrusion?
Extrusion is a procedure used in metals to convert them into different shapes. The final products are then used in several industries such as automobile and aircraft firms. The process of shaping the metal is carried out by pushing it into a range of dies until the preferred shape is achieved. Machineries and tools that come in various sizes and functionalities are used in order to do things easier and more efficiently.
What is hot extrusion?
Hot extrusion can also be known as hot working. It is the process where a piece of metal is warped or melted by means of heat greater than its recrystallization temperature.
Hot extrusion may involve several sub-processes and they are drawing, forging, rolling and rotary perforating.
In drawing, tensile forces are used to stretch a metal. You could do any of the following drawing forms: sheet, bar, tube or wire drawing.
In forging, localized compressive pressure do the job. There are at least seven most common types and they are: drop, roll, press, upset, automatic hot, net-shape, near-net-shape, and induction forging.
In rolling, a pair or number of rolls are used where a metal stock could penetrate. Flat, ring, and foil rolling are just three of the usual rolling processes used now.
In rotary piercing, seamless tubing that has thick walls is formed. The process has two kinds: the Stiefel process and the Mannesmann process.
What are the positive aspects of hot extrusion over the other extrusion methods?
Some of the pros of doing hot extrusion are listed below:
1. The material made via hot extrusion is more ductile compared to the material produced via other processes.
2. It is much easier to perform hot extrusion because it requires minimum force and energy.
3. During the deformation process, the pores seen in the metal are reduced in size or are completely closed up.
4. Because this process is performed at extremely high temperatures, chemical inhomogeneities are minimized or are totally eradicated.
But, just like other things in this world, hot extrusion also has disadvantages. Here are some:
1. There might be harmful reactions that may result from the exposure of the metal to the atmosphere of the environment.
2. You may need to purchase costly devices for example an induction heater or a diesel furnace.
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